Device for transforming a rotary motion into a reciprocating motion



E. WAGNER O 1,779,923 DEVICE FOR TRANSFORMING A ROTARY MOTION INTO A RECIPROCATIQG MOTION Oct. 28, 1930.

Filed Feb. 1, 1927 INVENTOR ATTOR l-f/W NEY w Patented Oct. 28, 1930 warmers, (gr-rotor,-

DEVICETQRTRANSIQBIHIG am n: iro'rroit me 1 nncmaooh'rnm ia no am filed February 1,?19z7, ser1a1ao. 168,148,1111111 Bum AIM 1a,

f The present invention relates to improve-- ments in a mechanism for-utilizing the centrifugal force of rotating unbalanced bodies, especially adapted for use in connection with percussive tools, such as rock drills and the i like.

Mechanisms utilizing the centrifugal force of rotating unbalanced masses have been used heretofore for various purposes. They include usually one or more revolving bodies or masses, rotating in the same or opposite directions. The centrifugal forces of two or more revolving bodies rotating in opposite directions may be combined in such a manner that a straight line reciprocating motion'is imparted to the revolving masses, their journals and the tool attached thereto.

.If the masses rotate in two parallel planes,

at a certain distance from each other, a secondary oscillating rotation will also be generated; acting at right angles to the main straight line motion. This secondary oscil-' lating motion has not been utilized heretofore in percussive tools.

The main object of the present invention isto construct a tool in which theabovementioned secondary oscillating rotation is made use of by converting it into rotation of uniform direction, capable of rotating for instance a drill steel.

One of the many possible embodiments of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a vertical section taken through a rock drill constructed in accordance with the present invention; Fig. 2 is a top elevation of the innermoving elements of the device; Fig. 3 is a side elevation of one of the eccentric masses; andFig. 4 is a top elevation of the elements for imparting rotation to the'tool.

In the drawings, the numeral 10 indicates ahousing, which is, preferably, made of two sections 11 and 12, detachably fastened together so that access may be had to the interior thereof when required. This housing is provided with handles '13, by. which the too may be pressed against theIwork, such as rock, coal, etc. The, housing section 12 is provided at its lower endwith a.;.vertically extending bearing memberv 14, and in alignment with the said bearing member is provided in the top of the housing sectionv 11 a similarly arranged bearing member 15. In the bearing member 15. is rotatably mounted the driving element 16 of the tool, it being provided with a square extension 17, disposed outside of the housing and adapted to be connected to an electric motor or the like to rotate the same. The driving member 16 is provided with a bore 18 in alignment with the bearing member 14, and in the said bore and bearing member are rotatably and reciprocably mounted the jour- .nals 19 and 20, respectively, of a striking element 21-. This strikin element is substantially cross-shaped, it aving fixed to it or made integral with the same two spindles 22 and 23, in alignment with one another at right angles to the vertical axis passing through the journals 19 and 26. On the journal 19 is rotatably mounted a bevel gear 24, connected with the driving element 16 by a spring 25, whereby the rotation of the said driving element is transmitted to the said bevel gear. This spring has also the function of keeping the said gear in mesh with two bevel gears 26 and 27, which are rotatably mounted on the spindles 22 and 23, respectively. With the bevel gears 26 and 27 are associated two bodies 28 and 29, respectively, the same being either eccentrically attached to or made-integral with the said bevel gears and rotating thus in opposite directions in parallel planes at a certain distance from one another.

The striking body 21 is provided below its journal 20 with a square extension 30, extending into a similarly shaped bore in a bushing 31, the latter being rotatably mounted in and kept in position on the housing by a sleeve 32,

which isdetachably fastened by screws 33,

or otherwise, to the bottom of the housing section 12. Into the bore of the bushing extends alsoithesquare upperend 34 of a tool 135, for instance a drill steel. This tool '18 detachably fixed to the sleeve 32, for instance,

by a sprin 36.

The bus i 31 is provided adlacent 1ts upper end with ratchet teeth 37, with wh ch co-operate spring-pressed pawls 38, carried b the sleeve 32, the arrangement being such t a meme ispe m m-r mgmpterclockwiseo y.

-In the itions of the elementsshown mfull lines 1n Rig. 1 of the drawings,

trifugal forces of the masses 28 and 29 be paint upwardsandtheneby tend th striking body and the elements connected therewlthinthe-sam'e diractiom iAfter-ihavw; ing. moved in opposite directions one-half of a turn, the centrifugal-forces of' the" sa d masses both poi'ntdownwards. any other positions 7 thehorizontal componentsofj the centrifugal forces nullify .one another, and as jthe vertical components pointiup or down'but always in the same direction. They generate,there fore, a straight line or linear reciprocatingniovement, 'iintingupanddown at right anglesto the orizo'ntalaxls'jof the "so strilnng body 21. *Ihe aInplitiidebf this straight line reciprocating 'novment would vary and be symmetrical relativeto'tlie startp o ifno pn'ngq iq dffme were employed iflowever, the of the spring niakes this motion u ymmetri-' cal andincreases the strikin veloc ty 'of'the movable elements considerably, B "making this. spring stronger or weaker, the strikin "velocity is varied and'al'sothe-time' at whi' c theblow is delivered and similarly the 1power r q r sp w n the i th s ring is too strong, the movin' elements of t e tool do not'change their'position relative to the housing of the tool, so that the hou if not held rigidly, is shaken and: the who e system moves. as one body." If. the spring is lto'o weak, the striking. velocity is smaller or the number of .blows delivered maydifier from'the number of revolutions 'o'f'the eccenhis The 7 spring also reduces the shakin action imparted to theh'ands or device ho di the'tooL The tu'rnmg of the'eccentrid in opposite directions creates, a' sJabove' stated, a straight line or linear reciprocating move ment pointing up and down. .In the positions of the masses illustrated'in full lines" in I Fig. '2 of the drawings the horizontal com- "ponents of the centrifu l forces eirerta turnmg movement about t evertical axis of the striking body, tending to rotate the entire mechanism inqa clockwise direction. After these eccentric masses have been rotated onehalf of a turn, the are in the positions shown in dotted lines in ihig. 2 of the drawings and out departing from the invention. t "obvious' that'whilehereina spring has been 11 A perc janced bodies therein disp rotating t e same in op ,whereby the centrifugal orces of the un-' balanced impart thereto a-straight line jre'c'iprocating motion and a rotat' ing motion perpendicularly to sai straight tend to rotate the mechanism in a counterclockwise direction. The present invention uses this rotative tendency of the horizontal components of the centrifugal forces to rotate a tool, for instance a drill steel, so that it will strike at a different point after each blow. If the driving element 16 and the driven end 30 of the tool rotate in opposite directions, as illustrated in the drawings, the speed of the eccentric masses 26 and 29 is the sum of-the two revolutions, rovided that 1liree gear! lof eyice 'are of the samediameter; In such case the eccentricrevolve faster than the driving motor, and the toolis es ially suited for drillinghard r'ock. If t e driving element lflr and the driven endfio ro ate in the same direction, the revolving speed of the eccentric masses is the difference in speed of the two former revolutions,-they rotating at a slower speed than thedriving motorf Such a tool is suitable for drilling soft material, for instance coal. 1

I The mechanism herein described is not influenced by a sticking of the tool, as it will continue to operate without strain or breakfin'gj if the drill steel, for instance, cannot ma forward or backward'or is preven ed in its rotation.

"-"The ratchet and 'pawls above descri d maybe replaced by others to permit a cloclirotation of the movable elements of the device. The action of the percussive tool, jobviously, becomes'then diflerent.

" It is obvious that,while'in the 'two eccentricm have been shown; any

other suitable number -may be emploediswiag:

describedas forming the connection the-driving element 16 and the bevel gear 24, any oflier nieans may be used for this pur- What Iclaim is:

've tool scribed','f comprising a housin two unbalin arallel planes, a aring connecting saides and to directions,

oscillatlinemoti'on and means for preventing the rotatin 'osci ati'ng motion of saidbodies in one irection and allowing an intermittent rotation thereof only in the other direction relatively to said casing.

2. "A percussive tool of the character described, comprising a housing, two unbal- "anced bodies therein disposed in' aral lel planes, a gearing connecting said ho is and rotating the same in opposite directions, whereby the centrifugal forces of the unbal' anced bodies impart thereto a straight line of the character dereciprocating motion and a rotatin oscillating motion perpendicularly to sai straight line motion, and means for reventing the rotating oscillating motion 0 said bodies in the direction of rotation of the driving element of said gearing and allowing an intermittent rotation of said bodies only in the other direction relative to said casing.

Signed at Tokod, in the county of Eszterom, in the Kingdom of Hungary, this 16th ay of December, A. D. 1926.

- EMANUEL WAGNER. 

